In the article there are viewed the basic social-economic problems of the transition period, that due to objective or subjective reasons interfere with the process of reformation and democratization in a country. There are considered the core of market economy and the kinds of economic interrelations assumed by it. The attention is paid to the role of the state in economy administration; what the state has made and also what it has not made, who benefited from the reforms and who lost, what conditions the country and the population as a whole found themselves in, is noted.