Literature

A. Japaridze

Turkish Writers of the Tanzimat Epochabout Divani Literature

Tanzimat epoch writers oriented towards western virtues give the following evaluation to literary works of Divani: Divani literature, in all its aspects, be it a form, contents, rules or literary cognition is the literature created by imitation. From the very day of its origin it imitated Persian literature and therefore it never was original.

Divani literature is subordinated to definite rules. This attitude is so strong that a poet or prosaic, in the slavery of strict and non-changed rules, will turn into a mechanism. It repeats the same and says nothing new.

Divani literature is a closed literature. It is trapped in the sphere created by itself, and it had broken contacts with external world. Almost all elements of this artificial world are abstract and have no immediate relation with life, society.

The principal elements formulated by Divani literature, alongside with being abstract and artificial, are stable and stereotyped. Thus for example stereotyped are nature and men. Elements, which are inherent to them, are always of the same structure. You will never see the nature and man in the form as you come across in the world created by a poet, but all poets use the same artistic skills for their expression.

Abstract character of Divani literature, which is a result of its closed nature affected the language, style and artistic skills and made it to step aside from the natural form very much. Interest to Divani literature, which was very secluded to the problems of people, was lost and it even legged behind the language of people. Completely isolated from the language of people, we received the abstract literary language.

Loss of natural form of Turkish language was conditioned by the meter of foreign verse – Aruzi. From the most well known and most masterful poets of Divani literature we often meet Zihafi (to read shortly the long vowel to be drawl in the verses written by Aruzi) and Imale (to drawl the short vowel for its bringing to conforming to its metre).

Divani literature has become outdated. Its epoch has ended, it doesn’t meet the demands of XIX century civilization and hence it is retrograde.

 

 
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