The paper considers the problem of interrelation of the Western and non-Western civilizations at the turn of the new millennium, on the background of opposition of the trends of globalization and fragmentation. Former "Third World" actively emerges as the cultural and civilizational opponent of the Western world. The western scientists speak about forming the non-Western centers of the world, the danger of the Islam fundamentalism, expansion of the Confucian world. Extreme radicals predict the decline of the West under the demographic pressure of Asian and African countries. From its part, non-Western world is worried by the fact of expansion of the western way of life, mass culture and type of thinking, connected with the process of globalization, and the danger of losing its own cultural face as a result of this process.

One links a future of the mankind with the deeping cultural monotony, the others - with the growing role of cultural pluralism. One more version is a theory of culture creolization.

Reaction of Europeans on the Americanization, as well as growing role of Eurospeaking non-Europeans in cultural life of the West are considered.