John Locke has developed a peculiar system of education and upbringing, which destroyed the foundation of the existed scholastic school that was built on the practice of enforcement, and on the ground of humane pedagogical ideas and views laid the foundation of an entirely new model for the education and upbringing of an all-round "gentleman". John Locke, as a classic of pedagogical science, was the first who introduced a hypothesis of the existence of innate idea. He elaborated fundamentally the theory of cognition and promoted by that the further development of philosophic-historical thinking of his time. The researcher created a basis for the consistent system of moral-ethical and spiritual values on which he founded a large and solid structure of a system of education, teaching and upbringing.