გენოციდი - Genocide

1945 wlis niurbergis procesze g. ganmartebulia, rogorc “samoqalaqo mosaxleobis rasobrivi, an erovnuli jgufebis winaswargamiznuli da sistematuri mospoba erebis da xalxebis garkveuli rasebis, an fenebis, rasobrivi da religiuri jgufebis ganadgurebis mizniT...” omisgan gansxvavebiT, sadac erTmaneTs organizebuli SeiaraRebuli jariskacebi ebrZvian, g. calmxrivi masobrivi mkvlelobaa, romelSic saxelmwifo, an sxva Warbi Zala Segnebulad anadgurebs erovnuli, eTnikuri, an religiuri erTobis umetes nawils, maSin, rodesac maTdami kuTvnilebas aRmsrulebeli Tavad gansazRvravs. gamonakliss Seadges omis msxverpli – samxedro da samoqalaqo mosaxleoba, garda danebebulebisa, romelTac ar gaaCniaT mowinaaRmdegisaTvis organizebuli winaaRmdegobis gasawevad sakmarisi samxedro Zala. g-is cneba ar Seicavs sahaero dabombvis Sedegad samoqalaqo mosaxleobis msxverpls. es termini zogjer im SemTxvevebSic gamoiyeneba, roca Serwymulia g-isa da eTnocidis elementebi. am dros ganzraxuli araa mTeli jgufis ganadgureba, magram sakuTari kulturuli TaviseburebebiT gamorCeuli am jgufis, rogorc erTobis, gaqroba sasurveli da sasargeblo iqneboda agresoris azriT. am SemTxvevebSi jgufis nawils anadgureben, raTa aiZulon darCenilni daiviwyon sakuTari kuTvnileba an Sewyviton winaaRmdegoba, an orive erTad. iq, sadac mizans mosaxleobis sakuTari teritoriidan gandevna Seadgens, iyeneben termins “eTnikuri wmenda”. Tu mosaxleobis devna gamowveulia politikuri mizezebiT, iyeneben termins “politicidi”. rodesac ganadgurebuli mosaxleobis raodenoba ar Seadgens mis umravlesobas, gamoiyeneba termini “genociduri xocva-Jleta”. es kompleqsuri cnebaa da iuristebs uWirT raodenobrivi sxvaobis dadgena xocva-Jletisa da g-is cnebebis gansasxvaveblad. saerTaSoriso samarTlis mixedviT g. danaSaulia. g-is Tavidan acilebisa da misTvis sasjelis Jenevis konvencia (1948) gansazRvravs g-s, rogorc erT-erT qvemoT CamoTvlil qmedebaTagans, romlis mizania mTlianad, an nawilobriv gaanadguros, rogorc aseTi, romelime nacionaluri, eTnikuri, rasobrivi, an religiuri jgufi. es qmedebebia:

1. aseTi jgufis wevrebis mkvleloba;

2. am jgufis wevrebisaTvis sxeulis seriozuli dazianebebis miyeneba da fsiqikuri moSlilobebis gamowveva;

3. romelime jgufisaTvis Segnebulad iseTi cxovrebis pirobebis Seqmna, romlebic gamiznulia am jgufis mTliani, an nawilobrivi fizikuri ganadgurebisaTvis;

4. zomebi, romelTa mizania Sobadobis mospoba am jgufebSi;

5. bavSvebis Zaladobrivi gadacema erTi jgufidan meoreSi.

sayovelTaodaa aRiarebuli, rom saxelmwifos mier sakuTar teritoriaze Tavisi mosaxleobis mimarT ganxorcielebuli g. aris ara mxolod am qveynis iurisdiqciis, aramed saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis Carevis safuZvelic.

g-is SemTxvevaSi nebismier saxelmwifos, romelmac moaxdina zemoT aRniSnuli konvenciis ratifikacia, SeuZlia mimarTos gaeros Sesabamis institutebs Carevis TxovniT. miuxedavad imisa, rom konvencia sayovelTaodaa aRiarebuli gaeros wevri qveynebis mier, misi efeqturoba minimaluria. saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTlis sasamarTlos Seqmnamde konvenciis moqmedeba mudam SezRuduli iqneba.

ix. agreTve, democidi; enocidi; Zaladoba; totalitarizmi, masobrivi mkvlelobebi

ix. masobrivi gamosvla, xocva-JRletva, sicocxlis ufleba