modular arithmetic - in elementary number theory, addition and multiplication of residue classes. Intuitively, this is accomplished by forming the sum or product in the usual way, dividing the result by a fixed positive integer m (the modulus), and using the remainder as the answer to the computation. Identical results are obtained by using representatives of the congruence classes (mod m). In this context, congruence classes are also referred to as residue classes. The integers (mod m) form a commutative ring with unit element. If m is a prime, then the integers (mod m) form a field. Also, ARITHMETIC MODULO M, ARITHMETIC MOD M. ;
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