Philosophy
T. Kavtaradze. H. Gadamer's Hermeneutical Philosophy. - Tbilisi: TSU - 2001 - 30 p. - Bibl. 30.
The booklet of Tamar Kavtaradze "H.G. Gadamer's Hermeneutical Philosophy" consists from small introduction and main part (pp. 5-28). There is an English summary on the and of the work.
The work of Kavtaradze reviews the doctrine of one of the outstanding figures of the XX century philosophy H.G. Gadamer, the founder of the modern Hermeneutical Philosophy. He synthesized Heidegger's "Existential Philosophy" with the traditional Hermeneutics and in his work "Truth and Method" showed new ways to the further evolution of Hermeneutics.
The book describes the basic principles of Gadamer's philosophy such as the concept of "Hermeneutical experience" and its difference from the traditional understanding of this term being in sciences; "the Play" - as a paradigm of human activity; the concept of "being historical"- as a man's fundamental definition; the concept of art - as a paradigmatic model of hermeneutical cognition. The most attention is paid to the philosopher's main work "Truth and Method" which is considered as a turning point from traditional Hermeneutics to Hermeneutical Philosophy that is connected with a new approach to philosophy - as a hermeneutical practice and understanding - as a principal feature of human activity.
The work considers the premises that Gadamer's doctrine is based upon the principal differences which are found between the traditional Hermeneutics and Hermeneutical Philosophy.
The work also reviews the polemics between I. Habermas and Gadamer which caused in some way more popularity of Hermeneutics.
T. Kavtaradze. Towards the Essence of Hermeneutics. - Tbilisi: TSU - 2001.- 39 p. Bibl. 39.
The booklet of Kavtaradze T. "Towards the Essence of Hermeneutics" consists of small introduction and main part (pp. 5-37). There is an English summary on the end of the work.
The work reviews one of the main trends of the modern philosophy - hermeneutics. It follows the development of Philosophical Hermeneutics from its prehistory, as it was originated in the ancient times and developed as an art and theory of interpretation of Sacred Writings and the classical literature during the Middle Ages and the early Renaissance.
Then the paper reviews the foundation of the Philosophical Hermeneutics itself which is connected with the name of the German theological philosopher Fr. Schleiermacher. In the XIX century the peculiar rules of interpretation and the separate problems of philological, theological and juridical Hermeneutics were developed by him united into the general theory of interpretation.
The next step in the evolution of the Philosophical Hermeneutics was made in the doctrine of the German philosopher W. Dilthey, where the Hermeneutics became a method of understanding of the moral sciences.
The article considers the fact that it can't be traced one main direction in the evolution of the Philosophical Hermeneutics. There are two. The first is connected with Dilthey, and the other with the greatest XX century philosopher M. Heidegger who changed the traditional Hermeneutics into Phenomenological Hermeneutics. In his main work "Being and Time" Heidegger gave new definition to all the fundamental features of human life and considered understanding not as a method of study but as an ontological feature of a man.
The article reflects the facts that the popularity of Hermeneutics was greatly increased after the II World War and especially in the 70-ies of the XX century and now it is considered as a universal philosophy because of the fact that now its subjects are not only history and moral sciences but the whole human knowledge of the world and being.
T. Kavtaradze. Some problems of the Essence of Understanding. - Tbilisi: TSU - 2001 - 38 p. - Bibl. 38.
The booklet of Tamar Kavtaradze "Some problems of the Essence of Understanding" consists of small introduction and main part (pp. 5-37). There is an English summary on the end of the work. The first part is devoted to the description of different types and forms of understanding and its classification.
In the main part the problem is observed in relation to Hermeneutics. It reflects the views of different periods of the philosophical cognition. It is also shown how the definition of understanding was gradually changed from the "Method" of study of the moral sciences into "a way of being of a cognizing, acting and appreciating person".
The last part reviews the main methodological aspect of understanding - "the Hermeneutical Circle" which has been known from the ancient times and reflects the process of understanding: the whole is understood by means of fragments and a fragment - by means of the whole and the cognized activity is a permanent movement from the whole to the fragments and otherwise. This principle is considered in relation to different approaches to this methodological problem in different periods of the evolution of Hermeneutics.