სამოქალაქო მოსახლეობა - Civilians

pirebi, romlebic ar arian gawveulni samxedro samasaxurSi omis dros. s.m-is usafrTxoebis sakiTxebi regulirebulia konvenciiT: “samoqalaqo pirebi omis dros”. s.m-s aseve ganekuTvnebian samxedro mosamsaxureebi, romlebmac dayares iaraRi, an avadmyofobis, Wrilobebis, an dakavebis gamo gamovidnen mwyobridan. s.m., romelic ar iRebs monawileobas SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi, daculia imunitetiT (xelSeuxeblobiT), Tumca sinamdvileSi mSvidobiani mosaxleoba yvelaze xSirad xdeba saomari moqmedebaTa obieqti, gansakuTrebiT bolo drois ramdenime samoqalaqo omis Tu ajanyebebis dros.

ramdenime ukanasknel omSi s.m-is danakargma msxverplis saerTo raodenobis 90% Seadgina.

Jenevis konvenciebis II protokolis me-13 muxlSi laparakia “samaqalaqo pirebisa” da “samoqalaqo mosaxleobis” Sesaxeb, am terminebis ganmartebis gareSe. Tumca Jenevis konvenciebis I protokolis 50-e muxlSi naTqvamia, rom s.m. Sedgeba yvela samoqalaqo pirisagan. aqvea ganmartebuli termini “samoqalaqo piri”, anu nebismieri adamiani, romelic ar msaxurobs SeiaraRebul ZalebSi, an organizebul SeiaraRebul jgufSi konfliqtis romelime mxares.

s.m-s ganekuTvneba agreTve yvela sxva piri, romelic aqtiurad ar monawileobs mtrul qmedebebSi, anu TavdasxmebSi, romelsac mimarTavs erT-erTi mxare mowinaaRmdegisaTvis fizikuri zianis miyenebis, an misi obieqtebis ganadgurebis mizniT. s.m., romelic samxedro mosamsaxuris statusis gareSe iRebda, an iRebs monawileobas samxedro moqmedebebSi, kargavs imunitets samxedro moqmedebebSi monawileobis dros. I protokolis 50-e muxlSi naTqvamia, rom s.m-Si im pirebis yofna, romlebic maT ar ganekuTvnebian, ar ukargavs mosaxleobas samoqalaqo statuss. am muxlis azri isaa rom mSvidobiani mosaxleoba, sadac mcire raodenobiT samxedro mosamsaxureebi imyofebian, romlebic, amasTan, ar asruleben TavianT movaleobebs, an SeiaraRebuli Zalebis interesebidan gamomdinare awarmoeben garigebebs adgilobriv mosaxleobasTan, ar SeiZleba gaxdes Tavdasxmis mizezi. aqedan gamomdinare, amgvar mosaxleobas aseve moepoveba Tavdasxmisagan imuniteti. I protokolis 51 (4) muxli Seicavs mkveTrad formulirebul debulebebs, romlebic icavs s.m-s gaumarTlebeli da araadekvaturi Tavdasxmebisagan. es muxli krZalavs im Tavdasxmebs, romlebic ar aris mimarTuli samxedro obieqtebis mimarT, agreTve omis warmoebis iseTi meTodebis da saSualebebis gamoyenebas, romlebic ar SeiZleba mimarTuli iyos garkveuli samxedro obieqtebis winaaRmdeg. amgvarad, muxli ukrZalavs mxareebs ganurCevel Setevebs samxedro obieqtebisa da s.m-is, an samoqalaqo obieqtebis mimarT.

ix. agreTve, SeiaraRebuli konfliqti; zogadi me-3 muxli.